Film

In order to have "motion" pictures, still photography had to be developed first

1878 - Eadweard Muybridge (English)

created continuous motion by using a series of cameras

1882 - E. J. Marey (French)

first to shoot multiple images with a single camera (glass!)

1888 - George Eastman (American)

experiments with film stock (celluloid and paper)

1891 Thomas Edison (with W.K.L. Dickson (British))

"kinetoscope"

no projection

30 seconds max

role? actualities (informational) or entertainment?

philosophy? commercial use

1895 - Lumiere Brothers (French)

developed a camera that shot and projected film

first projected film shown to a paying public audience

France (Pathe) takes the lead

the first to see film as a business

United States - Edison and the Black Mariah (lighting!)

by the turn of the century, audiences were becoming bored with actualities

filmmakers have to learn narrative techniques

how do you tell a story through film?

cutting/editing

camera movements - long shots to closeups, pans, zooms, dollies etc.

special effects - iris shots, multiple exposures, tinting, hand painting etc.

1903 - The Great Train Robbery - Edwin S. Porter (American)